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Elbasani General Info

The city of Elbasan lies in the field at the right side of secondary flow of Shkumbini river, at an altitude of 120m above sea level. The city is surrounded on the east by Big and small Krasta, by hills of olive groves in the north-east and north-west, is bordered by the river Shkumbin and hills of Hajdarani in south. The hills create a natural green crown and very panoramic sight for the city.  Elbasan district is bordering  with Tirana in the North-west, with Peqin district in the West, with district of Lushnja in South-West, with  Kucova district in South, with Gramsh district in South-east, and with the district of Librazhd in East. It has three municipalities and twenty communes.

  Geographical position
  The city of Elbasan lies in the field at the right side of secondary flow of Shkumbini river, at an altitude of 120m above sea level. The city is surrounded on the east by Big and small Krasta, by hills of olive groves in the north-east and north-west, is bordered by the river Shkumbin and hills of Hajdarani in south. The hills create a natural green crown and very panoramic sight for the city.  Elbasan district is bordering  with Tirana in the North-west, with Peqin district in the West, with district of Lushnja in South-West, with  Kucova district in South, with Gramsh district in South-east, and with the district of Librazhd in East.


Climate
the area of Elbasan district, is part of the Mediterranean area and hilly sub-central Mediterranean area. The average air temperature varies from 6.7oC 23.4oC January to July. The absolute minimum temperature is recorded in January 1968, 7.5oC. The maximum-absolute was registered in July 1988 and it was to 42oC. Annual amount of rainfall is 1148 mm. Climate generally recommends light clothing in summer and thick in winter, (also equipped with rain umbrellas) and that mostly dominates the autumn and winter months.

History
The story of the city named Skampis begins around the II-nd Century, and was an important route through which passed Egnatia road. After the fall, the city lost its importance, which would turn only later, during the Byzantine period, when the ruined castle began to take life. Albanian feudal lords who ruled the area of Elbasan are Topiajt, Muzakajt, Arianitët. During the Turkish invasion, Sultan Mehmet II built the castle again, to use as a center of fortification and the city was called Elbasan. The origin of the word comes from two Turkish words, "Ilj" and "Basan", which means “conquered country” and the name of today comes from the phonetic transformations over time. In this period the city began to became muslim, and the subsequent developments were under a strong influence ottoman style.
In the Renaissance, Elbasan is one of the cities that has given more input into the cultural and patriotic movements, by well-known names that start by Anonymous of Elbasan Dhaskal Todri, Constantine Kristoforidhi, later on, Alexander Xhuvani etc. Precisely in Elbasan was opened first the secondary schools in Albanian, and on 25-th of November the independence flag was raised, three days before the rise in the Vlora. The period of World War II and Communism, is for Elbasan, more or less as for all other Albanian cities. In the city was constructed a large metallurgical factory, which employed during the regime and "punished" many citizens of Elbasan but also from other cities of Albania. Today the factory works only partially, and is a serious pollutant for the city.
 
Culture and civilization
The city is a hotbed of rich culture and traditions of the earliest, starting from antiquity, with the Pazhoku tombs, belonging to the Bronze peroid, a set of ancient castles in various localities, as Bodini Castle, the Castle of the Town, Valshi, Shelcani etc.. Egnatia Street, is a proof of old civilisation. The ethnographic museum, keeps human values, cultural tradition and customs of the area,  traditional clothing, folk resources,  considerable development of culture and art, etc. The most famous personalities’s houses returned today at museums, with much interest to visit, every one of them with a piece of history. Jobs recognize datime craft since early works in ceramics, Bronx, gold and silver, wool felt, to the wall paintings of iconographic objects of worship. Elbasan has a tradition of early music gear, which is the height of its recognition of outstanding musician has Isuf Myzyri city, which has also built a monument to one of the city gardens. In the theater of Portland organized dense Skampa fetsivale gjinish other theaters of art, so internationally.
 
Natural Tourism
It is very favored by the hills which surround the city, filled with greenery of the old olive-trees, but also by many other areas of outstanding beauty. If we would suggest some of them would be:
Bysheku, 2 km from the city, is a picturesque with cold water, and also old plane-trees and a historic site.
Elbasan thermal baths.  The sources of curative thermal waters, located in the commune of Tregani, about 7 km from the city of Elbasan.
Belshi’s area with carst lakes located about 40 km from the city of Elbasan. Belshi is a wonderful country with an unfolding beauty, surrounded by 86 small lakes with a nature that makes you want it more and more.
Gjinari, about 1300 m above sea level and Bukaniku Forests are a natural next destination. Also we mention the Source of Labinoti and Krasta  hills, which have a direct impact on the development of the city.
Elbasan district is a very attractive area and its tourism potentials are very large, as there are many outdoor locations rich and diverse, with cold water, fresh air, beautiful environments, such as Spring of Horse, the area of Belshi  with its lakes,  of carst origin. In this area we can mention the lake of  Seferani, Merhoi, etc. Skalaberi Bysheku  in the commune of Shushica, picturesque country with cold water and horseradish century. At the same time this place is the historic site where the development effort between the Albanian and Turkish forces in the century. XV; The thermal baths of  Elbasan that have natural beauty and curative values, Gjinari, about 1300 m above sea level and Bukaniku Forests. Also we mention the Labinoti source and Krasta  area. All these make possible to provide endless opportunities to enjoy green tourism and exploration of nature.

Krasta
Krasta is one of the largest city hills with an area of 150 ha. Located in the east of Elbasan and is covered with high grass coniferous (pine, fir, dellenje, cetrus). The Hill plays a protective role against the erosion and strong winds which attack the zone. Although not listed in city recreation parks, Krasta has re-creative character and is used by citizens as a suburban park. There is a path (not constructed), which serves as a natural itinerary / recreation and a pass for the military services since at  the hill is located the military zone and tunnels which hold heavy weapons. Also in the northern part of the hill is situated the water source that supplies the city of Elbasan.

The area of  Dumre
It is a known area and also the largest in Albania.  The zZone and its capital Belshi in Albania and abroad  are identified due to the large number of carst lakes. It lies in an area of 21,500 hectares, where more than 3 percent of its is occupied by the carst lakes, whose number goes to 85. Dumrea’s area lies between the river of Shkumbin  in north and Devoll in south, and begins where ends the field of Pazhoku in Cërrik, while the zone ends where it begins Myzeqe’s field. The location at the intersection of important roads connecting Myzeqe with Elbasan area, the  valley of  Devoll with the of Shkumbini and the highlands around, Vërçë, Sulovë, Shpat, Krrabë and  Peqin, has favored the interaction of cultures and historic settlements generated its vital areas
. The traditional center area is Belshi. Dumrea’s Center comes as the most densely inhabited by residents of the province, and after it, has begun to develop satisfactory rates. Belshi recently begun is visited by local and foreign tourists and locals believe that very soon the Dumre arear will be "occupied" by tourists, as it deserves as one of the pearls of the Mediterranean carst.

Carst lakes
Their total area amounts to 770 hectares. Greater volume of water in these lakes, has the Merhoes with 3.11 million cubic meters. So, are also lake with 97 acres Çestinja; Seferani 87.5 hectares, 37.5 hectares Dega, while the youngest is Çartallozi lake, with 0.5 hectares. While deeper are Merhoja 61 meters, 51 meters Peraska; Çërraga 29 meters, 8.20 meters, etc. Seferani.
Minimum depth is down to 10 meters. Feature of karst lakes of Dumresë, is that are mostly fed by the rain water  which fills their holes generally done by temporary surface flow. During the summer season which occurs around 20 lakes dry up temporarily. These lakes have low transparency and in the depth of 15 meters, some of them are noticed signs of presence of acid.

Bysheku
Busheku with it old plane-trees is one of the most beautiful historical and tourist points of Elbasan. He is one of the most traditionally preferred by the inhabitants. Bysheku is located in the south of the city, in the valley Shkumbini, to the left of his flow. It's a tourist point with multiple water sources, where we can distinguish a source of carst, with a flow of 70 liters per second twhich comes out from the foot of a giant rock. This point is located in the commune of Shushice in the village of the same name, about 9 km from the city of Elbasan. The locals feel lucky that nature has given a valuable asset so natural. Bysheku is an area filled with old plane-trees and cold water sources, whose beauty becomes more impressive when you try to drink it. It is an area with a strong tourist potential if somebody would invest in it, it would become a real pearl of nature tourism.

The oak-tree of Lleshani
With 500 years of age it has already been turned into natural value, which will survive for centuries more, on a small hill in the village of Lleshan, about 15 km from the city of Elbasan. In 2002, the tree was declared monument of nature, for  the kind of values it has. About the year 2005 - 2006 World Vision conduced in an investment of around 1.8 million lek to surround the oak-tree with wooden railing, two pair of scale as well as restore the source located very close to it.

The natural monuments
Geo-monuments
The Funnel of  Kosovo. Dumre, rural road near the village of Kosovo. Represents the karst funnel, formed in the permo-triasi bays. About 50 m diameter, with a depth around 30 m. Belsh Cërrik Kosovo ititnerary.

The Mountain of Gradishta. Belsh. Recognized and named as "the rock of Gradishta”. Represents the event remains in Gypsum karst of permo-triasi. 350 m high, several hundred meters long and about 100 m wide. On the ridge keeps archaeological remains of a prehistoric settlement. Cërrik-Belsh-Gradishtë itinerary.

The cave of Graceni. Established in limestone of Crete, it has not yet been explored. The known length is about 20 m. Elbasan-Gracen itinerary.

Hydro-monuments
The lake of  Seferani. Dumre. Karst lake formed in Gypsum, from the union of several karst funnels filled with water after the last block of clay. The surface is 87.5 ha, the average depth is 4.5 m, while the largest is 20.8 m, the length 2.05 km, width up to 500 m.  Establishes a rich ecosystem of lake with various world-life. Seferan Cërrik-Belsh itinerary.

The lake of Dega. Dumre tableland, 160 m above sea level. Karst lake 1600 m long, about 300 m wide, 17.9 m deep, and 37.4 ha of surface It is the most beautiful in the Dumre characterized rich living world. Water temperature goes from 7.8 to 8 degrees C. In Up to 15 m depth, dissolves oxygen content in water in 1.5 mg / l. Below this depth, appears the sulphydric acid. Cërrik-Belsh-Dega Lake.

The thermal waters of  Hibraj. About 200 m above the sea level. Resources are in temperature around 400 C. It is for long used for treatment of diseases arthritis, rheumatism etc. There are hotel facilities and medical service, improved to the last 10 years. An Oak  forest is near there, which is a monument of nature.
Elbasan-Bridge of Shkumbini-Thermal Waters road.
Bio-monuments
The oak-tree of  Lleshani.
The birch-tree of Zavalina.
The pine-tree in the field of  Kuqe.
The oak-tree of the Church, Gjinar.
The oak-trees of Pashtreshi.
The Black Mulberry of Joronishti.
The plane-trees of Byshekut.
The elm-tree of  Zeleshnja.
The plane-tree of Bezistani.
The plane-tree of Vojvodës.
The plane-tree of Labinoti source.
The big ash-tree of Polisi.
The alluvial forest of Shushica